SWA 23

Working Title: Outlawing of Cigarettes: Protecting America

Working Thesis: Cigarettes should be outlawed entirely in the United States due to their highly addictive and lethal qualities. 

I)              Description of Cigarettes

A)   Ingredients within cigarettes

-       Carcinogens

B)   What these ingredients do to the body

-       Cancer

-       Lung Disease

-       Cardiovascular problems, etc.

II)            Fatal effects of cigarettes

A)   Annual/ yearly death rates of smokers

-       Statistics

B)   Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on non smokers

C)   Environmental Effects of Smoking Cigarettes

III)          Cigarettes compared to drugs and alcohol

A)   The outlawing of marijuana

B)   The difference between alcohol and cigarettes

-       Alcohol does not produce secondhand smoke

IV)          The possibility of outlawing cigarettes and how it would be done

A)   The current number of smokers

B)   How smoking restrictions have been done

C)   Influence of tobacco companies on laws

Conclusion: Outlawing cigarettes is an option that would be overwhelmingly positive, and would save millions of lives in generations to come. 

SWA 22

ETS (environmental tobacco smoke) is poisoning our environment. Cigarettes are known to be lethal, and the second hand smoke that smokers produce has serious risks for those around them. Marijuana, a substance whose natural compounds has never directly killed anyone, given them cancer, caused them lung or heart failure, or given them a myocardial infarction, is illegal. Cigarettes, which kill around 5.4 million people a year directly from their usage, are legal. I propose that cigarette production, ownership, and production should be illegal to save lives that would otherwise be taken as a result of smoking.

Working Thesis - Cigarettes should be outlawed entirely due to their highly addictive and lethal qualities. 

SWA 21

The issue of the essay is the Occupy movement. It's importance is explained. The author of this essay explains the prominence of the movement and the impact it has had across the world. The author also talks about the dramatic results that have come out of the movement, which includes the violence that has occurred during protests. The perspective are identifiable because they are clearly stated. They are "active protesters of the Occupy Movement, outside sympathizers of the movement that are not directly involved, Political figures that oppose the movement, and lastly, concerned citizens that are directly affected by the movement". The thesis gives great insight into the issue and leads into the paper concisely and effectively. The into summarized the movement and gave great facts and points that made me want to learn more about the movement, while the conclusion lead out with reiterating the 4 perspectives again and summing everything up. I think the essay is extremely effective. There was such a massive amount of research and facts that were in the paper that it made me confident that I was getting the correct information from someone who took the time to work on it. I don't know what I would suggest to the author because I thought it was a great essay. 

SWA 20

Nicole Smith

English 102

Mrs. Mikhaylova

Essay 3 Outline

Title: Smoking Restrictions: Pursuing Safety for the Masses

Thesis: Smoking restrictions improve the overall health of the masses and give smokers the incentive for cessation, without any negative fiscal impact on public establishments.

I.               The overall health risks from ETS establish absolute cause and need for widespread smoking bans.

A)   ETS is environmental tobacco smoke that causes many serious problems.

- Raises the risk for acute myocardial infarction (source)

- Sargent, Richard, Robert Shepard, and Stanton Glantz. "Reduced incidence of admissions for myocardial infarction associated with public smoking ban: before and after study." BMJ. N.p., 2004. Web. 29 Feb 2012.

B)   Cigarettes are point sources of air pollution

-       When smoking outside, the hot air makes the smoke descend back down onto people

-       Repace, James. "Tob Control 2000; 9:98 doi: 10.1136/tc.9.1.98 Debate Banning outdoor smoking is scientifically justifiable." Tobacco Control. 9.1 (2000): n. page. Web. 29 Feb. 2012.

II.             Non smokers are negatively effected by ETS and prefer that smoking restrictions be enacted

A)   Non smokers are forced to tolerate ETS and it’s risks

- “Nonsmokers' SHS odor and irritation sensory thresholds were massively exceeded.”

B) A study at Berkley showed that the majority of people were happy with recently passed smoking restrictions

     

- Garg, T., N. Fradkin BA, and J. Moskowitz PhD. "Adoption of an outdoor residential hall smoking policy in a california public university: A case study.”. N.p., 2011. Web. 14 Mar 2012. <http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/vach20>.

III) Smoking bans do not have negative consciences as many may think, and actually improve the lives of smokers

A)   Smoking bans influence smokers to ban smoking in their own homes

-       Reuters, . "Public bans mean smokers also light up less at home." Fox News. Fox, 14 Feb 2012. Web. 21 Mar 2012. <http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/02/14/public-bans-mean-smokers-also-light-up-less-at-home/>.

B)   Smoking bans do not cause establishments with previously smoke filled environments to lose income

-       Goldstein and Sobel. "Environmental Tobacco Smoke Regulations Have Not Hurt Restaurant Sales in North Carolina." North Carolina Medical Journal. 59. (1998): 284-287. Web.

Conclusion- Smoking restrictions have proved to have an overall positive impact, and because of their success, should be more actively sought after and approved.

SWA 19

METCO-Metropolitan Council for Educational Opportunity
METCO is the longest continuously running voluntary school desegregation program in the country and a national model for the few other voluntary desegregation busing programs currently in existence



Franny and Zooey-  is a book by American author JD Salinger which comprises his short story "Franny" and novella Zooey.


This research illuminated the article by helping me better understand the examples the author was drawing his ideas from. Before I was completely confused and just glancing over terms that I didn't understand, and that took a lot away from the real meaning of the piece. But now that I know exactly what those terms mean, I feel like I can think much differently about the article. 
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Stave, Gregg, and George Jackson. "Effect of a Total Work-Site Smoking Ban." Journal of Occupational Medicine. N.p., 1991. Web. 14 Mar 2012. <http://journals.lww.com/joem/abstract/1991/08000/effect_of_a_total_work_site_smoking_ban_on.14.asp&xgt;.


This source talks about a survey that was done at Duke. The conclusion of the survey showed that the majority of people there did support the prohibition of smoking. Another conclusion was that the prohibition of smoking also led to an increase in cessation of smoking.


Garg, T., N. Fradkin BA, and J. Moskowitz PhD. "Adoption of an outdoor residential hall smoking policy in a california public university: A case study." . N.p., 2011. Web. 14 Mar 2012. <http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/vach20>.



This source shows us a case study about a ban that was put on smoking in a residential hall in a California public university. It found that smoking was limited and the ban ultimately worked and was successful. 

SWA 18

1) The main point that Kang is trying to get across is that althought baseball is supposed to transcend racial boundaries, that is not really the case. Sterotypes and racism still exist in the world of sports. I think the arguement is very clear and effective. Kang's use of Ichiro is very relatable and makes it easy for the reader to understand. He uses his viewpoint of Ichiro as a fellow Asian, and how it makes him feel to get his point about racial lines and perspectives across.

2) If I were writing a paper, I would chose to do the social markers of Americanness. I would point out things that are seen by everyone and the things that are "stereotypical". I would use a foriegn perspective on Americanness because it it differs from an American's perspective on their own Americanness.

SWA 17

Goldstein and Sobel, . "Environmental Tobacco Smoke Regulations Have Not Hurt Restaurant Sales in North Carolina." North Carolina Medical Journal. 59. (1998): 284-287. Web.


- This source explains ETS and the results of ETS on the body. It discusses the legislation that came about after ETS research and discovery. The source then goes on to discuss the effects of banning smoking on the success of restaurant sales in North Carolina. The study shows that the banning had no negative effects on the financial success of restaurants in 5 NC counties. 


Rigotti and Pashos, . "No-Smoking Laws in the United States." JAMA. 266.22 (1991): n. page. Web. 12 Mar. 2012.


- This source explains the laws passed in each state. It talks about when and how they were passed, and the effects of the laws passing. This source includes charts and tables that show what cities and where passed laws. It also shows the places in which laws got passed (example- theatres, hospitals).